The four types of gerunds and gerund phrases follow. Forget with the infinitive means something happens at or after a certain time. Adjectives and participial adjectives followed by infinitives. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a singular verb. When you identify infinitives, do not let sentences with prepositional phrases and infinitives confuse you. Splitting infinitives, ending with prepositions, and beginning with but ll tackle three persistent writing myths that can get in the way of plain, clear, readable writing. Combine using an infinitive english practice learn and. English file 3 rd edition teacher s book intermediate. Grammar quiz gerunds and infinitives complete these sixteen sentences to score your knowledge of gerunds and infinitives.
Infinitives and infinitive phrases an infinitive is the presenttense form of a verb preceded by the word to. That infinitive phrase contains the infinitive phrase to help himself, which is functioning as an adverb modifying strives. Infinitives and infinitive phrases infinitive is a verb form preceded by the word to that acts as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. That is, it can be the subject, but it can also be the object. While infinitives themselves are verbs, infinitive phrases can be used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. This bundle contains an a pdf file with student resources, a verbals mini flip book, and an editable powerpoint presentation, comprehensive verbals teaching unit that includes an interactive, animated, an editab. It is unmarked, and it is preceded by the particle to.
Write a p over the word or phrase if it is a participle, a g if the word or phrase is a gerund an i if the word or phrase is an infinitive. Verbals date participles and participial phrases a present participle is formed by adding ing to a verb. In the english language, there are three basic types of verbals. A comprehensive database of more than 18 infinitive quizzes online, test your knowledge with infinitive quiz questions. The infinitive expresses an action or a state of being because it is formed from a verb. All verbals, participles, infinitives, and gerunds, are. Underline the infinitive phrase in each of the following sentences. The infinitive phrase to help him who strives to help himself is functioning as a noun i. Like infinitives, infinitive phrases can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. An infinitive may be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. The entire phrase functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
New english file, intermediate new english file upperintermediate gerund and infinitives study guide by priva includes 80 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. Infinitives an infinitive is a verb form that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. December teachers corner gerunds and infinitives week 1 final. An infinitive phrase is a verbal construction made up of the particle to and the base form of a verb, with or without modifiers, complements, and objects. A past participle is usually formed by adding ed to a verb. Rule 5 if a verb is a prepositional object, it should be a gerund, not an infinitive. This exercise will test your ability to recognize infinitive phrases and distinguish them from prepositional phrases. Gerunds are formed when an ing ending is added to a verb, and every infinitive is composed of to plus a verb.
If the infinitive infinitive phrase is a noun, identify its noun function in the sentence. December teachers corner gerunds and infinitives introduction. Participles infinitives gerunds they look like verbs, but they act like nouns, adjectives, and adverbs participles a participle is a verb form used as an adjective to. Infinitives verbals that act like adjectives, adverbs, and nouns. When infinitives are used basic verbs have their function blended into either an adjective, adverb, or noun. Always function as a noun subject, direct object, predicate nounnominative, object of the preposition can be used alone or as part of a gerund phrase. An infinitive phrase is an infinitive plus complements and modifiers. Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence. Structures using infinitivesto go in independent learning folders see blog post for explanation.
However, when infinitive phrases are used as adverbs at the beginning of a sentence, they must be punctuated with a comma. The bare infinitive form is a complement of the dummy auxiliary do, most modal auxiliary verbs, verbs of perception like see, watch and hear after a direct object, and the verbs of permission or causation make, bid, let, and have also. Infinitive phrases can function as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. Infinitives and infinitive phrases steckvaughn yumpu. An infinitive is a verbal which functions as a noun, adjective, or adverb. The same spelling rules that apply to the progressive tenses also apply to gerunds. Gerund and infinitive worksheet in this printable worksheet, the rules for using gerunds and infinitives will be explained in detail. Identifying and writing infinitive phrases one skill at a time lesson. An infinitive phrase requires a comma only if it is used as an adverb at the beginning of a sentence. A verbal is a word formed from a verb but functioning as a different part of speech, usually a noun.
When they are used with an infinitive they refer to something that happens at or after a certain time. Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. Gerunds and infinitives part 3 put the verb into the gerund or the infinitive with to. Choose the correct gerund or infinitive from the parenthesis at the.
Can be used alone or as part of an infinitive phrase. An infinitive phrase consists of the infinitive plus any other modifying words. He was upset as he watched the destruction of his files. Gerund and infinitive phrases university of texas at dallas. Verbals gerunds, participles, infinitives worksheets. The verb read is the main word in the verb phrase reading books which is the prepositional object for of. Also called an infinitival phrase and a to infinitive phrase. This verbals unit includes varying activities and tools for teachers to choose what works best for individual classes and students while studying verbals. Verbals gerund, participle, and infinitive and verbal phrases have many complex angles.
Gerunds, participles, and infinitives are all verbals. Youll usually see it with the word to, as in to eat or to think. Identifying infinitive phrases exercises and practice. Although all split infinitives were once considered. Provide guided and independent practice for verbal phrases including gerunds, infinitives, and participles. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. Like gerunds, infinitive verbal phrases can function as subjects, objects, and complements in a sentence. Infinitive phrases function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Splitting infinitives, ending with prepositions, and. Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestions. A verbal is a verb that functions as some other part of speech in a sentence. The phrase pages 102 103 the infinitive and the infinitive phrase infinitives an infinitive is a verb form that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. An infinitive expresses an action or state of being. Remember, phrases after verbs that answer the questions who.
Infinitives synonyms, infinitives pronunciation, infinitives translation, english dictionary definition of infinitives. The infinitive to paint is the subject of the verb is. It the infinitive infinitive phrase is a modifier, identify the word it modifies. Participles infinitives gerunds they look like verbs, but they act like nouns, adjectives, and adverbs participles a participle is a verb form used as an adjective to modify nouns and pronouns. The following guidelines and lists will help you figure out whether a gerund or infinitive is needed.
Infinitives can function as nouns, adjectives, and. Difference between gerund and infinitive compare the. Our online infinitive trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top infinitive quizzes. They may function as subjects or objects in a sentence. In such expressions, use a gerund, not an infinitive, after. The explanation will be followed by two practice activities with these grammar forms. Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb.
The main uses of infinitives or infinitive phrases are like follows. The infinitive and the infinitive phrase section questions page 96 1 gerunds, participles, and infinitives are the three kinds of verbals. New english file upperintermediate gerund and infinitives. Infinitives definition of infinitives by the free dictionary. If you have a noun before a phrase, the phrase is an adjective phrase. Gerund and infinitive phrases gerunds and infinitives are both verbals. Infinitive phrases usually end at next punctuation mark or main verb. For example, in the sentence the bear goes to the forest to hunt food, the phrase to the forest is a prepositional phrase while the phrase to hunt food is the infinitive phrase. Infinitives ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. This is really helpful post to understand the difference between gerund and infinitive. Infinitives can also serve as an adverbs, the examples of which are presented.
The phrase pages 102103 class date the infinitive and the infinitive phrase infinitives an infinitive is a verb form that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. To eat vegetables daily and to think about a solution are infinitive phrases. Determine whether the underlined infinitive phrases have been used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. In an adjective phrase ap, the head word is an adjective. Then list the part of speech of each infinitive infinitive phrase adverb, adjective, or noun. An infinitive phrase is an infinitive with its modifiers or complements. Infinitive phrases infinitives can be combined with other words and phrases to provide additional information about the action expressed in the infinitive.
Such infinitive clauses or infinitival clauses, are one of several kinds of nonfinite clause. Some verbs and verb phrases are directly followed a gerund. Using infinitives in a sentence infinitive verbal phrases are composed of to plus the verb and can act as a noun. Sometimes a participle acts as the main verb in a verb phrase. Using gerunds and infinitives a gerund is a verb form that ends in ing and is used as a noun walking, traveling, voting. Gerunds, participles, and infinitives a verbal is a verb that functions as some other part of speech in a sentence.
Used as a noun, the direct object the man to see today is dr. An infinitive is the presenttense form of a verb preceded by the word to. Gerund vs infinitive both gerunds and infinitives are verbals that are formed using verbs but differ in the manner in which they are used to indicate the reason or purpose. An infinitive phrase is an infinitive with modifiers or a complement, all acting together as a single part of speech. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. Defining a rule for the use of infinitive and gerund. Write a p over the word or phrase if it is a participle, a g if the word or phrase. Avoid awkward separation of parts of verb phrases and awkward splitting of infinitives. Infinitive can serve a wide landscape of uses in english grammar. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. An infinitive is a verbalusually preceded by the particle tothat can function in a sentence as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. Review charts and rules for gerunds and infinitives as needed. What is an infinitive phrase carey business school. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives to describe an action.
Express feelings and reactions with adjective and infinitive expressions. They can act as expansions of the verb, and as such they can. Introduce verbals and verbal phrases to your students with this verbals teaching bundle. Divide students into three groups, ideally of three or four students. Gerund is a verbal that is made by adding ing to a verb and serves as a noun. The infinitive and the infinitive phrase infinitives an infinitive is a verb form that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. Here, the adverb critically describes how sjsu teaches its students to think. Pdf infinitive phrases have a wide range of function within the matrix sentence.
In this lesson plan, adaptable for grades 38, students will practice using infinitives in listening, speaking, reading, and writing activities as they learn about probability. If the infinitive phrase makes sense, you have a do. Infinitive phrases often have an implied grammatical subject making them effectively clauses rather than phrases. When an infinitive phrase acts as a noun, it can take the place of any noun in a sentence. They can play various grammatical roles like a constituent of a larger clause or sentence. Infinitive phrases i want to succeed in high school. Jul 23, 2018 in english grammar, an infinitive phrase is a verbal construction made up of the particle to and the base form of a verb, with or without modifiers, complements, and objects.
In each example below, the infinitive is to exercise. Infinitives verb form preceded by to that acts as adverb, adj. Identifying verbals for each of the following sentences, decide if the word or phrase in bold is a participle, gerund, or infinitive. Infinitive phrases begin with the infinitive and include objects or modifiers. This printable handout provides a scavenger hunt activity to help your students see the use of verbal phrases in the literature that they read. An infinitive phrase consists of an infinitive plus its complements and modifiers. Infinitives date teaching an infinitive is a verb form that usually begins with the word to and acts as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.
Splitting infinitives, ending with prepositions, and beginning with but. Gerunds and infinitives are sometimes referred to as verb complements. The redcard holders write down verbs followed by gerunds. Feelsee hear watch someone do doing i heard him tell you about the letter. At this point, you may have already guessed the rule for using gerunds or infinitives in prepositional phrases. Following a verb gerund or infinitive both gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun as the object of a verb. An infinitive phrase is a group of words that includes an infinitiveandany other words to complete its meaning. Gerunds and infinitives part 1 put the verb into the correct form. Using gerunds and infinitives gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that can take the place of a noun in a sentence. Gerunds are verbals that function as nouns and have an ing ending. Activities include predicting what happens and matching sentence halves. Used as an adverb exercise 1 recognizing infinitives and infinitive phrases.
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